What is the difference between photographic film and film stock?
Created by Maureen_Glover6 Terms in this set (13) he quality of the film stock used can affect a filmed image's contrast, which is the degree of difference between the darkest and lightest areas of the frame. With a constant projection speed, to get a slow-motion effect, the cinematographer must shoot more frames per second
Why are so many movies being shot digitally?
The quality of the film stock used can affect a filmed image's ____, which is the degree of difference between the darkest and lightest areas of the frame. more With a constant projection speed, to get a slow-motion effect, the cinematographer must shoot ___ frames per second.
What is the difference between positive and negative film?
Nov 08, 2020 · Film technology has existed for well over a century and remains in use today, but in recent decades, a new form of photography has risen to prominence: digital photography. Today's digital cameras are inexpensive, and they produce high-quality digital images. Meanwhile, dedicated photography purists remain committed to traditional film cameras ...
What type of film stock is used in movies?
Jan 11, 2016 · 35mm – The traditional film stock used by the vast majority of movies which shoot on film. VistaVision – VistaVison uses normal 35mm film stock but runs it sideways to give 65% more space to each image.
What was the initial effect the invention of sound in film had on the film industry quizlet?
What was the initial effect the invention of sound in film had on the film industry? For a few years, it created a setback in the Hollywood studios. How did the Italian Neorealism movement come about? There is no definitive source of the movement.
What is the term for the relationships among the parts of a film multiple choice pattern form structure plot?
The overall PATTERN pattern Correct of relationships among parts in films is called "form." The most common way of organizing films into formal wholes is by presenting a(n) STORY story Correct . The concept of form in film is important for appreciating cinema as ART art Correct .
What is the most common current Hollywood Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences aspect ratio for filming?
Filmmakers today have a lot of options at their disposal, but the most common ratios for modern films are 1.85:1 and 2.39:1.Jan 5, 2014
What is the purpose of framing quizlet?
The way information is put together and the effects it has on viewers. You just studied 9 terms!
What is the term for relationships among the parts of a film?
Film Form. The overall system of relationships among the parts of a film. Film Style. The repeated and salient uses of film techniques characteristic of a single film or group of films. You just studied 53 terms!Dec 7, 2021
What is the term for a chain of events linked by cause and effect and occurring in time and space?
A narrative in film is “a chain of events linked by cause and effect and occurring in time and space” to tell a story (Bordwell/Thompson). Characters are typically the vessels which, through personality traits and drives, facilitate action and reaction.
How does aspect ratio affect a film?
Aspect Ratio Establishes Mood and Setting The classic Academy Ratio can create an “old-timey” feel, whereas the super-wide anamorphic screen creates the sense of blockbusters and epic fantasy or adventure films.Aug 6, 2021
What is the significance of changing the aspect ratio of a film?
The aspect ratio of a movie can have a significant effect on how the scenes in the movie are perceived by the viewer. Changing the ratio during a movie (as in Interstellar, The Dark Knight Rises, etc.) can be an effective way to signal a thematic change.Sep 16, 2015
What is the aspect ratio used in film photography?
The common film aspect ratios used in cinemas are 1.85:1 and 2.39:1. Two common videographic aspect ratios are 4:3 (1. 3:1), the universal video format of the 20th century, and 16:9 (1. 7:1), universal for high-definition television and European digital television.
What are the effects of framing quizlet?
Framing effects: an agent's choice from a feasible set of alternatives should be unaffected by any re-description of it that leaves all objective characteristics unchanged.
What is the main purpose of framing?
Framing is used to represent the communication aspect which leads to the people's preference by consenting one meaning to another. Framing stimulates the decision making process by highlighting particular aspects by eliminating the others. For e.g. the newspaper frames the news within a particular viewpoint.
What is the purpose of framing?
Framing can make an image more aesthetically pleasing and keep the viewer's focus on the framed object(s). It can also be used as a repoussoir, to direct attention back into the scene. It can add depth to an image, and can add interest to the picture when the frame is thematically related to the object being framed.
How does film photography work?
Traditional film photography captures images by exposing individual frames on a roll of film to light. Film is made of plastic and layered with silver halide crystals that darken when exposed to light, capturing negatives of images.
What is digital photography?
Digital photography replicates the process of traditional film photography, but it uses an electronic sensor, rather than film, to capture images. These digital photographs are stored on a memory card, and their resolution is measured in megapixels.
What are the drawbacks of film?
The drawbacks of traditional film involve convenience and utility, both during photoshoots and post-processing. Limited exposures: Rolls of film contain a limited number of exposures. For photographers who rely on taking many shots of the same image— like those who use the bracketing technique —this can be a hindrance.
Is film still used today?
Film technology has existed for well over a century and remains in use today, but in recent decades, a new form of photography has risen to pro minence: digital photography. Today's digital cameras are inexpensive, and they produce high-quality digital images.
Can film be developed in a darkroom?
A long developing process: Traditional film must be developed in a darkroom, and the process is time-consuming. There’s also the chance of ruining your photos: If undeveloped film is exposed to sunlight, your photographic images will be completely washed out.
When were movies made on digital cameras?
Film vs digital among Hollywood movies. The first year in which top-grossing films were shot on digital cameras was 2002, however it wasn’t until 2012 that at least half of the films were shot digitally. Sci-fi movies are twice as likely to be shot digitally compared to War films.
What is the difference between 65mm and 70mm?
70mm – Film stock which is twice as big as big as 35mm. Films projected on 70mm are normally shot on 65mm ...
What is the most commonly used digital camera?
The most commonly-used digital camera was the Arri Alexa, followed by the RED Epic and the Sony CineAlta.
When was the Red One first tested?
March 2007 – The RED One was first tested professionally by Peter Jackson in March 2007 on a short film called “ Crossing the Line “. August 2007 – The first batch of cameras were released to the public. February 2008 – ‘ Jumper ‘ released in cinemas, featuring 2nd Unit footage shot on the RED One.
Do films have more than one camera?
Some films use more than one type of camera, although cannot know to what extent each camera is used. Therefore, if a film was shot primarily on 35mm but had one dream sequence shot digitally then in this research it would appear on both the ‘film’ and ‘digital’ lists.
What is safety film?
Originally the highly flammable cellulose nitrate was used. In the 1930s, film manufacturers introduced " safety film " with a cellulose triacetate plastic base. All amateur film stocks were safety film, but the use of nitrate persisted for professional releases. Kodak discontinued the manufacture of nitrate base in 1951, and the industry transitioned entirely to safety film in 1951 in the United States and by 1955 internationally. Since the late 1990s, almost all release prints have used polyester film stock.
When did Kodak start using nitrate stock?
Eastman Kodak introduced a non-flammable 35 mm film stock in 1909. The plasticizers used to make the film flexible evaporated quickly, making the film dry and brittle, causing splices to part and perforations to tear. In 1911 the major American film studios returned to using nitrate stock.
How many layers are there in Kodacolor?
Later color films, like Kodacolor II, have as many as 12 emulsion layers, with upwards of 20 different chemicals in each layer. Photographic film and film stock tend to be similar in composition and speed, but often not in other parameters such as frame size and length.
What is the name of the color reversal stock used in film?
Technicolor introduced a colour reversal stock, called Monopack, for location shooting in 1941; it was ultimately a 35 mm version of Kodachrome that could be used in standard motion picture cameras. Eastman Kodak introduced their first 35mm colour negative stock, Eastman Colour Negative film 5247, in 1950.
What is the standard size of Edison film?
In 1909, Edison's organization of the Motion Picture Patents Trust agreed to what would become the standard: 35 mm gauge, with Edison perforations and a 1.33 aspect ratio. A silent home movie on 16mm black-and-white reversal double perforation film stock.
When did Kodak start selling acetate base?
In 1909 , tests showed cellulose diacetate to be a viable replacement base, and Kodak began selling acetate-base films the following year in 22 mm widths for Edison's work on the Home Kinetoscope, which was commercially released in 1912. Eastman Kodak introduced a non-flammable 35 mm film stock in 1909.
What color are silver salts?
Dyes, which adsorb to the surface of the silver salts, make the crystals sensitive to different colors. Typically the blue-sensitive layer is on top, followed by the green and red layers. During development, the exposed silver salts are converted to metallic silver, just as with black-and-white film.
How does saturation affect color?
But saturation is affected by brightness levels, how much white or black is added to the pure color. By adding blacks we de-saturate the color; and by adding whites it is brightened. Using the color in its purely saturated hue gives us the Dick Tracy comic book effect, or the brightness of color in animated films.
What are the four elements that Storaro believes are the primary elements of life?
Vittorio Storaro structures his use of colors on the Greek philosophers’ belief that four primary elements bring balance to our lives, water (green), fire (red), earth (ocher) and air (blue). He believes that when our lives are in balance, these colors combine to form pure energy, which is white.
What color is used in the opening scenes of the Vietnam War?
During the opening scenes of this epic Vietnam War film, the colors are almost monochromatic. Then as the conflict moves deeper into the jungle, Storaro imposes an unnatural color (red) or a natural one (green) to visually represent the escalation of the conflict. By the end of the film, the use of color borders on surrealism.
What is the color palette of a film?
The color palette of a film is a subtle way to visually enhance the emotional aspects of a film and guide the viewer to respond to it on a visceral level. Understanding the basic components of color, warm colors and cool colors, as well as how the audience responds to these colors is essential. Cool colors are violets, blues and greens.
What color is Julianne Moore's character?
Julianne Moore’s character was given a more yellow hue for her life that takes place in the 1950’s in Los Angeles. The present day story of Meryl Streep’s character takes place in New York City in the winter and has been given the cold blue hue of winter as she cares for her dying friend.
What is the job of a cinematographer?
The cinematographer’s job is to interpret the screenplay in a visual form and to guide the viewer’s emotions through color, light, shots, angles and movement. When cinematographers and directors discuss the interpretation of the script, it is inevitable that the color palette and look of the film will be discussed early on.
What are the cool colors?
Cool colors are violets, blues and greens. Warm colors are reds, oranges and yellows. Cool colors are generally used in science fiction films, murder mysteries, suspense films, and in some action and drama films. Warmer colors are generally used in comedies, love stories, family stories, and in some drama films.
Why is image quality so difficult to define?
Image quality is difficult to define because it is subjective in its nature, but an optimum quality image enables the observer to extract information from the image and make an accurate diagnosis. Poor quality images have a poor signal-to-noise ratio and detract from the process of extracting information. However, there are characteristics of ...
How does image quality affect diagnostic information?
Image quality affects the ease of extracting information from an image. Good image quality will ensure the maximum amount of diagnostic information is gained from the image. Sharpness is essential as blurring of an image will lower the image quality. Contrast describes the difference in density between two adjacent structures.
Why use a bucky assembly?
Using a Bucky assembly also causes magnification of the image but the grid is necessary to reduce scatter and improve the contrast of the image. Practically, the mechanism which moves the grid and houses the Bucky is kept as small as possible.
What is the SID for chest X-rays?
For practical reasons the SID is usually 110 cm for techniques on the X-ray table and 180 cm for chest and cervical spine erect film work. The OFD should be as close as possible and ideally the object is in contact with the image receptor.
What is the degree of blackening on a film?
Density is the degree of blackening on the film. Fault finding is essential to ensure that image quality is optimal. Understanding the cause of faults will ensure rectification of the cause and improved image quality.
What happens if the signal level is high compared to the noise?
In radiographic images if the signal level is high compared to the noise, structures within the body will be clearly seen, but if the signal level is similar to or less than the noise level then the structure will become obliterated.
How is useful information derived from photoelectric interactions within the patient?
Useful information is derived from photoelectric interactions within the patient (absorption by body structures) and noise is derived from scattered photons, because the image receptor does not have the ability to determine their origin. In radiographic images if the signal level is high compared to the noise, structures within ...